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A major step in the development of resilient guinea grass – a cornerstone in the Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT’s tropical forages breeding program – has been reached with the release of the crop’s reference genome. It was sequenced by Corteva Agriscience using combined Pacbio HiFi, Bionano and Hi-C sequencing technologies and funded by Crops to End Hunger (CtEH). This reference genome will open a new era for breeding Guinea grass, a crucial tropical forage widely used for livestock feed in the tropics, and it will also benefit other breeding and research programs for genetically related species.

Guiness grass – a key forage for livestock

Guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus), a perennial forage crop, ranks among the world’s largest sources of livestock feed, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. In Brazil alone, over 20 million hectares are dedicated to this resilient crop, which can thrive across diverse environmental conditions. This adaptability makes Guinea grass indispensable for livestock farmers in need of reliable forage.

But despite its global value, Guinea grass remains a semi-domesticated “orphan crop,” receiving limited investment. This creates an even greater need for public breeding initiatives to unlock its potential.

In this context and as part of its tropical forage crop breeding program, the Alliance focuses on developing improved Guinea grass varieties with enhanced resilience to challenges like drought, waterlogging, and low temperatures.

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