Chapter 4. MLN surveillance, leaf and seed sampling protocols

Continuous surveillance for MLN causing viruses is required to monitor the disease incidence in farmers’ maize fields and seed production fields. Surveillance informs decisions on deployment of management practices to limit the effect of the disease at the farm-, country- and regional levels. Effective diagnostics and surveillance of the possible incidence of MLN in the seed production fields is essential for producing and exchanging MLN-free seed (see Chapter 8).