Regional war, global consequences: Mounting damages to Ukraine’s agriculture and growing challenges for global food security
by Pavlo Martyshev, Oleg Nivievsyi and Mariia Bogonos OPEN ACCESS | CC-BY-4.0 Russia’s all-out war on Ukraine has inflicted devastating impacts that continue to mount more than a year after the invasion. As of September 2022, even before Russia’s winter bombing campaign, the total damage to Ukraine’s infrastructure was an estimated $127 billion, equal to 64% of the country’s 2021 GDP.