As the rate of environmental degradation continues to increase, the need for more effective and sustainable conservation measures rises as well.
To address this, various participatory natural resource management approaches have been developed. One of these is the payments for ecosystem services (PES).
Ecosystems, such as those in mountains, forests, and croplands, offer many economically viable ecosystem services: sustained supply of fresh water, reduced sedimentation, and timber and food provision, among others.
